Kunobva: The Creative Greenhouse
Kana iwe ukashanda mune graphic dhizaini, iwe unozoziva kuti kudhinda skrini chinhu chakakosha chebasa rako. Asi wakambomira kuti ufunge nezvekwakabva skrini yekudhinda? Yakagadzirwa kupi uye yakashanduka sei mumakore apfuura?
Zvakanaka, ndizvo zvatiri kuda kutaura newe pamusoro pezvinotevera, kuti unzwisise kuti zvakashandurwa sei, zvazvaive zvakaita pakutanga, uye zvazvakaita iye zvino, uye kuti sei zvakapesvedzera graphic design. Totanga here?
Kwakabva kudhinda skrini
Kwakabva kudhindwa kwescreen kunotiendesa kunyika dzekuMabvazuva. Uye ndezvekuti midzi yekare, uye Iyi nzira yekudhinda yakatanga kuChina. Zvinoenderana nemarekodhi ekutanga ekudhinda stencil, ivo vanobva munyika ino uye vanodzokera kuzana ramakore regumi, kunyanya Rwiyo Rwonziyo.
Chii chakaitika panguva iyoyo? Zvakanaka, mhizha dzakashandisa stencils dzakachekwa kubva pamapepa kana machira uye, pamwe nawo, vakaisa mavara ekugadzira dhizaini inodzokororwa. Izvi zvakatorwa mumasiriki kana zvimwe zvinhu.
Gare gare, nekufamba kwenguva, Vakarega kushandisa mapepa nemachira ndokuzvitsiva nemambure esirika akanaka. Izvi zvaidaro nekuti chinhu ichi chakabata ingi zvirinani uye zvakare chaibvumira dhizaini kuti ive neyakakwenenzverwa uye yakadzama kupedzisa (nekuti haina kubuda, saka pakanga pasina kukanganisa mairi).
Kubva kuChina, kudhinda kwescreen kwakapfuura kuJapan. Yaiva munyika ino iyo yakatanga kushanduka kwayo, sezvo yakave yakakwana uye yakagadziridzwa kune kushongedzwa kwemicheka, kunyanya munyaya yekimonos. Asi ivo vakagadzirawo matekiniki matsva anoenderana nekudhinda skrini. Yakadaro nyaya ye katazome nzira.
Uyu mutoo waibatanidza kushandisa stencils, hungu, asi waibatanidzawo kunamira kusina mvura kwaishandiswa nemhizha kuvhara zvimwe zvikamu zvejira vasati vazora dhayi. Uye izvo zvaive zvechii? Kudzivirira dhayi kuti isasvike kune zvikamu zvemucheka, kuitira kuti vaichengete zvakafanana nemuvara kana mumvuri uye vagone kugadzira nenzira yakagadziridzwa.
Kudhinda skrini muEurope neAmerica
Tinofanira kukuudza kuti, kubva pakagadzirwa kudhinda kwescreen muzana ramakore regumi, kusvika kuEurope neAmerica, makore mazhinji akapfuura. Maererano nedata inochengetedzwa, yakanga isiri Kwakanga kusati kuri kutozosvikira muzana ramakore rechi 18 apo kudhinda sikirini kwakasvika kuEurope kupfurikidza neSilk Road.
Panguva iyoyo, iyi nzira yekudhinda yakanga isingachashandiswi chete kune zvipfeko, asiwo pakudhinda mapepa uye mamwe mashandisirwo ainyanya kukosha.
Uye kana yakasvika muEurope muzana ramakore rechi 18, yakauya kuAmerica gare gare zvikuru, muzana ramakore rechi20. Apa ndipo patinogona kutaura kuti yakashanduka zvishoma, kunyanya kuUnited States, uko vamwe mhizha vakatanga kushandisa zvishandiso zvitsva uye zvinhu zvakavandudza kudhindwa kwescreen kwezana ramakore rechigumi.
Somuenzaniso, muna 1907 Murungu anonzi Samuel Simon akapa mvumo yekudhinda yakavakirwa pamasikirini esirika kuti vaive nenzira yekuvharisa dzimwe nzvimbo zvekuti ingi chete ndiyo yaienda kunzvimbo dzaidiwa, kwete dzese.
Muna 1930, nzira iyi yakavandudzwa nekushandisa photosensitive emulsions.
Uyezve, muHondo Yenyika II, kudhindwa kwemahwindo kwaikosha zvikuru mukugadzirwa kwezvinyorwa zvinoparadzirwa uye mashoko akawanda.
Nzira iyo yakashanduka sei
Sezvawaona, kudhindwa kwescreen kwakatanga kushanduka kubva payakabva kuChina kuenda kuJapan uye kubva ikoko kuenda kuEurope uye kunyanya America. Kugadzirwa kwemainki matsva uye zvinhu, pamwe chete nenzira itsva dzekugadzira zvinhu, zvakabvumira kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa zvenguva, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanaka uye zviwanike.
Somuenzaniso, i kushandiswa kweinki dzekugadzira, Panzvimbo pemafuta ane mafuta, ainyanya kupikisa zvinhu zvakadai sezuva kana unyoro, izvo zvaireva kuti zvakanga zvisisashandiswi chete mucheka kana mapepa, asiwo zvepurasitiki negirazi.
Imwe shanduko yaive meshes akashandiswa mukudhinda skrini. Sezvatakambokuudzai kare, akanga akagadzirwa nesirika. Asi pakasvika naironi nepolyester kuma1940, zvakatsiva sirika nokuti zvakanga zvakachipa, zvakasimba, uye zvakanyatsojeka.
Kudhinda skrini mune yemazuva ano art
Kutaura nezve screen kudhinda uye art yemazuva ano kutaura zita re Andy Warhol, uyo akaita kuti nzira iyi yokudhinda ikurumbire nounyanzvi. Muchokwadi, akashandisa silkscreen kudhinda muzvinyorwa zvezviso, saElizabeth Taylor kana Marilyn Monroe.
Kutaura zvazviri, kushandisa kwaWarhol sirikirini kudzokorodza vanhu vakawanda uye kubereka kunonzi kwakapa kuti sangano rePop Art rivepo.
Screen kudhinda uye graphic dhizaini
Nhasi, kudhinda skrini kunoita basa rakakosha mukugadzira mifananidzo, kunyanya maererano nekutengesa uye kushambadza.
Kudhinda marogo nemameseji pazvigadzirwa zvekutengesa, senge T-shirts, mabhegi ematote, kana zvigadzirwa zvekusimudzira, zvakakosha pakugadzira mufananidzo wemhando. Uye pano kudhindwa kwechidzitiro kunoita basa rayo, zvichibvumira mavara kuti ave akanyanya uye asingapfeki.
Kana zviri zvekushambadzira, kusikwa uye kudhindwa kwemaposta, mabhenji, uye zviratidzo zvekunze ndizvo zvinonyanya kuwanda. Chinangwa pano ndechekutora pfungwa dzeveruzhinji munzira dzakafara, nekudaro kudiwa kwekupedzisa kwemhando yepamusoro.
Asi nepo kudhinda kwaichimbova kwepepa, iko zvino kwachinja, uye kudhinda sikirini kwava kuwanikwa pazvinhu zvisinganyanyi kujaira, zvakadai sedanda, girazi, kana simbi.
Uyezve, haisisiri iyo yega nzira. Izvi zvinobatana nevamwe, senge chokwadi che kudhinda kwedhijitari kana kudhinda kweoffset. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, kune mahombe-vhoriyamu maodha kana emhando yepamusoro maodha maererano nekusimba kweruvara uye kusimba, inoramba iri sarudzo inosarudzika kune vakawanda, kunyanya kana iwe uchida kudhinda pazvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kana kushandisa ingi dzakakosha, senge embossed, metallic, kana fluorescent.
Zvino zvauri kuziva kwakabva skrini yekudhinda uye nekufamba kwayakaita nekufamba kwenguva, unoona kukosha kwayo pakugadzira graphic?